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經典翻譯技巧——專利翻譯要點總結
	發(fā)起人：eging　　回復數(shù)：0　　瀏覽數(shù)：3447　　最后更新：2019/1/19 22:06:10 by eging

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eging

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經典翻譯技巧——專利翻譯要點總結

一、冠詞

　　200720190178

　　微粉花料斗的一側設置有與微粉花料斗的側板連接的料量控制閘板

　　a material quantity control flashboard connected with the【a】 lateral plate of the micro-powder flower hopper is arranged on one side of the micro-powder flower hopper,

　　討論：此處應改用a 還是the？

　　討論結果：如果有of表示限定，并可以明確判斷是一塊側板，則用the；否則，如果還有其他側板，則用a。

　　200720139161

　　其外周具有一面露出基座外側可供手部撥轉的外環(huán)部

　　the circumference of the roller wheel element is provided with an outer ring part with one side protruding out of the outer side of the base and capable of being turned by hand【1.3】

　　討論：by hand 是一個詞組，意為“用手”。所以原文沒錯。

　　二．介詞的使用

　　200720170560

　　叉桿處于晾板機上半部分時，

　　When the fork arms are positioned in【1.2】 the upper part of the plate airing machine, the first slide rail keeps the fork arm vertical;

　　在某一部分上用on 或 at

　　其他部位所用介詞：

　　In a position; on the side of sth.; at the end of sth.

　　三、固定用法

　　200720061682

　　滑動座與固定座之間設有一可使滑動座相對固定座上下升降的剛性升降機構

　　a rigid lifting mechanism arranged between the sliding base and the fixed base for lifting the sliding base up and down with respect[relative] to the fixed base

　　with respect to 關于，至于，不具“相對”之意。

　　200720015990

　　本實用新型涉及一種硫酸槽，尤其涉及一種高濃度的保溫硫酸槽。一種保溫硫酸槽，其結構如下：The utility model relates to a sulfate acid bath, in particular to a high-concentration temperature(3.1 刪除) insulating sulfate acid bath, which adopts the following structure:(3.7 the structure that):

　　Insulating adj. 保溫的

　　200720177350

　　本實用新型公開了一種日用陶瓷半自動淋釉機，包括淋釉器總成、托坯架、傳送帶、調整裝置、轉彎機、工作臺、正背面淋釉裝置

　　The utility model discloses a daily use(3.1 domestic) ceramic semiautomatic glazing machine which comprises a glazing unit assembly, a preform support, a band carrier, an adjuster, benders(a turning machine), a workbench and a front and back glazing device.

　　Domestic ceramic or Ceramic for daily use

　　Bender【機】撓[彎, 折]曲機, 彎管[板, 桿]機, 折彎模, 折彎工

　　200720030219

　　本實用新型屬于制瓶機的制瓶部件，具體涉及一種組合式制瓶機芯子。包括芯子底座、芯子頭，其特征在于所述的芯子底座和芯子頭為分體式結構，所述芯子底座由中空的芯子殼、安裝在芯子殼內的芯子芯組成，芯子殼上設有與芯子頭匹配的安裝孔。本實用新型具有使用方便、使用成本低、芯子頭不易折斷的優(yōu)點。

　　The utility model belongs to a bottle-making assembly on a bottle-making machine and (多一個空格) relates particularly to a combined type bottle-making machine core. The combined type bottle-making machine core comprises a core base and a core head, and is characterized in that the core base and the core head are in(have) split structure. The core base consists of a hollow core housing,(逗號改為and) a core arranged inside the hollow core housing. The core housing is provided with mounting-holes matched with the core head. The combined type bottle-making machine core has the advantages of convenient use and low use cost, and the core head is unlikely (uneasy) to be fractured.

　　此處修改不對，uneasy adj.心神不安的, 不自在的, 不穩(wěn)定的, 不舒服的；作“不易”之意極為罕見。最好改為not easy。

　　200720190530

　　本實用新型的印章卡具可用于多印章用印機內印章的固定，從而實現(xiàn)多印章的安裝和使用。

　　The seal clamp can be used for fixing the seals in the multi-seal [used] printing press, thus realizing the installation and use of a plurality of seals.

　　“用”一定要譯出

　　200720196114

　　一種用于給機箱底面圓孔內安裝塑料墊的工具，包括施力部（１）和摩擦部（２），所述摩擦部（２）設置在所述施力部（１）的下端。在所述摩擦部（２）非與施力部（１）相接的一面設有夾持部（２１），所述夾持部（２１）內面為曲面（２２）。

　　A tool for installing a plastic cushion in a circular hole at the bottom of a casing includes a force[forcing] part (1) and a friction part (2) arranged at the lower end of the force[forcing] part (1).

　　相關詞匯：如：推桿、拉桿：push / pull rod, 主動輪、從動輪：driving / driven wheel；轉軸 rotating shaft

　　200720188164

　　定位可靠

　　reliable position【positioning】

　　position 做名詞時，不表示定位之意。只有做動詞時才表示定位。

　　101265102A

　　easily-accessible raw materials, 表示材料易得

　　the material has wide source 或 is wide in source 表示來源廣泛

　　200720014304

　　在其回路上串接有開關。

　　a switch is series connected on [connected in series with] the return circuit of the battery.

　　200720201414

　　軸卡在滑槽內，

　　the shaft is stuck[3.1, clamped] in the chute;

　　四．Which 的使用

　　專利質量檢查要點：

　　需注意使用從句表達時，要搞清楚整個句子的結構，注意連接詞的正確使用，如“A and B which are”當B 是單數(shù)時，可以理解為which指代A and B, 當B 為復數(shù)時候，這時which 只能指代B，要想指代A and B，就得用逗號隔開；“A of B which is/are” 其中 which 指代B，如果是指代A，也需逗號格開。

　　200720043495

　　卷揚機的卷筒是具有左右分隔的卷筒

　　The crab winch comprises a left winding drum and a right winding drum(專利局修改為：The winding drum of the crab winch is divided into the left part and the right part)

　　此處修改的不好，應該改為the winding drum of the crab, which is divided into the left part and the right part.

　　200720144348

　　本實用新型公開了一種懸臂皮帶機的張緊裝置，包括改向滾筒、擋料板；

　　The utility model discloses a tension device of a cantilever belt conveyer, including(which includes) a turnabout drum and a striker plate;

　　滑座上靠皮帶機頭部的一端設有第一支架，

　　the sliding seat at one end(3.7 one end of the sliding seat which is) close to the head of the belt conveyer;

　　修改的不好，應該改為one end of the sliding seat, which is close to he head of the belt conveyer;

　　討論：A 和B的一端

　　譯為：one end of A and one end of B

　　200720117674

　　地鐵輪椅渡板，地鐵和鐵路客車?？空九_時，車箱和站臺間的縫隙給乘坐輪椅上下車的殘疾人帶來了很大的不便。地鐵輪椅渡板，其組成包括：具有一組接線端子的電氣控制箱（１３），所述的電氣控制箱通過控制按鈕盒（１４）連接渡板機械本體（１５）。

　　The utility model relates to a wheelchair cab apron on a subway. When the subway and a railway carriage stop at a station platform, a gap between a carriage box and the station platform brings a great inconvenience to a handicapped that【1.6.5，who】 gets on and gets off the subway or the railway carriage by a wheelchair.

　　改的不好，handicapped adj, 應是the handicapped 并且表示復數(shù)，所以此處應為 the handicapped who get on and get off；

　　或者改為 a handicapped person who gets on and gets off……

　　五、具體翻譯中的問題

　　200720061300

　　外螺紋上套有一個內壁上有內螺紋的圓環(huán)

　　a ring (2.1 加上 with internal threads on the inner wall) is sleeved on the external threads via internal threads on the inner wall(刪除).

　　200720008777

　　從而使得袋泡茶可以長期保存而不變質，也有利于保留住茶葉原有的香味，保證袋泡茶的飲用的安全與衛(wèi)生。

　　Through covering the sealed bag around the filter bag, the sealed teabag can be preserved for a long time without deteriorating(3.1 deterioration), the original scent of tea can also be remained, and the safety and the sanitation of the teabag is ensured.

　　200720088364

　　本實用新型的優(yōu)點在于：它刮除清掃效果好，不僅能避免物料在回程過程中滑落，而且清掃刮板在磨損后會不斷自動得到彈性零件給予的補償，使用安全，不會損傷皮帶。

　　Furthermore, not only the sliding of materials in the returning process can be avoided(1.6.2 the materials can be prevented from sliding off in the return process), but also(and) the cleaning scraper can receive constant compensation given by(from) the elastic part automatically after being worn, thereby being safe in use and causing no damage to the belt.

　　六、結構緊湊

　　200720054526

　　裝飾薄層（１）和金屬薄層（２）粘貼后表面壓有規(guī)則或不規(guī)則的凹凸花紋。

　　The utility model discloses a patterned print patch, which is characterized in that the patch comprises a thin metal layer (2) and a thin decorative layer (1); the decorative layer is composed of thin plastic films and closely stuck to the upper surface of the thin metal layer (2); concave and convex patterns, regular or irregular,【regular or irregular concave and convex patterns】 are pressed on the surfaces of the thin decorative layer (1) and the thin metal layer (2) after being stuck to each other.

　　七、情態(tài)動詞的選擇使用

　　200720009149

　　刀具安裝座通過錐形滑塊前進或后退的推動進行徑向滑動，最終帶動刀具沿徑向進給，給零件加工內溝槽或外溝槽，解決了以往在專用機或復合機上不能加工溝槽的難題。

　　so that the cutting tool installation base may[can] be pushed to slide radially through the advance or the recession of the taper slider and finally drive the cutting tool to be radially fed in to process an inner groove or an outer groove on a workpiece.

　　目前看來只有can是可以使用的。

　　200720016235

　　本實用新型屬于書夾，特別涉及一種教案書夾，這種教案書夾，由夾子、滑道、書夾板、凹槽、電子表、筆筒、旋轉底座組成，其特殊之處是：書夾板兩外側有兩個筆筒，內側有兩個帶夾子的滑道，中間有凹槽，底部有旋轉底座，電子表裝在書夾板的右面，本實用新型的有益效果是：老師講課使用方便，有利于老師控制課堂講課時間和記錄。

　　The utility model belongs to a book folder, in particular to a teaching plan folder, which consists of clips, slideways, a folder plate, a slot, a digital watch [3.1], penholders and a rotating base. The folder is characterized in that two penholders are arranged on the outer side of the folder plate; two slideways with clips are arranged on the inner side of the folder plate; the slot is opened [3.1 disposed] between the two slideways; the rotating base is arranged at the bottom of the folder plate; and the digital watch is mounted on the right side of the folder plate. The book folder has the beneficial effect that the teacher can conveniently use the book folder in class, thus helping the teacher control the teaching time and keep record.

　　Digital watch 沒錯

　　九、句間逗號

　　200720184947

　　本實用新型地下式垃圾儲運站由垃圾箱體（９）、升降系統(tǒng)、底盤行走轉運系統(tǒng)三部分組成。升降系統(tǒng)由電動機（２４）、減速器（１５）及卷繩筒（１４）帶動牽引鋼絲繩（５），進而拉動升降臂（１０）實現(xiàn)對垃圾箱體（９）的升降運動，底盤行走轉運系統(tǒng)由安裝于底盤（１３）下方的電動機（１７）、減速器（１９）及減速器傳動齒輪（２０）帶動傳動鏈條（２１），進而帶動底盤傳動齒輪（２２），底盤傳動齒輪（２２）將動力傳遞到底盤滾輪連桿（３１）帶動底盤滾輪（３０）的轉動，從而實現(xiàn)垃圾箱體（９）的平移，本實用新型具有環(huán)保美觀、占地面積小、結構簡單、易于制造安裝、運行平穩(wěn)可靠等優(yōu)點。

　　The utility model relates to an underground garbage storage and transportation(3.1 transfer) station, which comprises a garbage bin (9), a lifting system and a chassis running and transporting system. The lifting system drives a wire rope (5) through a motor (24), a reducer (15) and a wire reel(3.1 warping drum) (14), thus driving an lifting arm (10) to do (加上 a) lifting motion relative to the garbage bin (9); the chassis running and transporting system drives a drive chain (21) through reducer transmission gear (20) and(改為逗號,) the reducer (19) and the motor (17) under the chassis (13), thus driving chassis transmission gear (22); the chassis transmission gear (22) transmits the power to a chassis roller rod (31) to drive the rotation of a chassis roller (30), thus realizing the translation of the garbage bin (9). The underground garbage storage and transportation station has the advantages of environmental protection and(改為逗號,) aesthetic appearance, small occupied area, simple structure, easy manufacture and installation, stable and reliable operation, and so on.

　　“and”，并列成分只有兩個時一般用and連接，有多個時，如a,b,c…y,z,一描述為a,b,c…y and z，除了最后兩個用and連接，前面都用逗號。尤其在有很多并列分句的句子中，更要注意分句和分句中并列成分間的關系，既要避免引起歧義，還要在形式上容易分別，容易讀懂。

　　十、術語的翻譯

　　- 地面的首次出現(xiàn)也要 the ground.

　　- 額定電壓 rated voltage

　　- 半徑 {數(shù)} radius；{天} semidiameter

　　- 反光鏡 reflecting mirror

　　- 拆卸(軸承) dismantle (bearings)

　　- 壓力計pressure gauge

　　- 銅銀合金電極 Kufil alloy electrode

　　- 日用domestic 而非daily use

　　- 轉彎機turning machine

　　- 齒輪偏載unbalanced loading of the gear

　　- 中水reclaimed water

　　- 拼裝式雙層密封吸塵罩an assembled double-layer sealed dust hood

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