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五種基本句型語法翻譯寫作閃電突破
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eging 發(fā)表于 2019/1/12 13:31:49

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五種基本句型語法翻譯寫作閃電突破

1第1種句型

　　句型主語(名詞或代詞)+謂語（不及物動(dòng)詞）

　　此句型是“主語+不及物動(dòng)詞”構(gòu)成句子的主體部分。按照中文順序直接翻譯，主語用名詞或代詞，動(dòng)詞要注意時(shí)態(tài)變化。因?yàn)槭遣患拔飫?dòng)詞，后面當(dāng)然不能帶賓語了，但是可以有狀語來修飾。

　　Class begins.（課開始了）

　　The customer is coming.(客人正進(jìn)來)

　　He runs in the park.（他在公園里跑）

　　I live in Guangzhou.（我住在廣州）

　　I work for a trading company.(我在貿(mào)易公司上班)

　　The customer will come next Monday.(客人下周一來)

　　My boss will come back at 5:00 p.m.(我老板下午五點(diǎn)回來)

　　注意：中文副詞位置在主語和謂語中間，英文要放在句尾。

　　不可忽視：常用不及物動(dòng)詞有break, burn, smoke, swim, skate, appear, disappear, work, think, etc.

　　2第2種句型

　　句型主語+謂語（及物動(dòng)詞）+賓語(名詞或代詞)

　　有賓語的動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞，可以作賓語的有名詞和名詞的相當(dāng)語（如代詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞等）。

　　My father read the book.

　　She likes English.

　　I know him very well.

　　They want to go.

　　He stopped writing.

　　She knows what to do.

　　We have received your letter.

　　I need two samples.

　　We love peace.

　　I will pick you up at the hotel tomorrow.

　　注意：按照中文順序直接翻譯，但是句中如有副詞（時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)），要放到句尾。

　　常用動(dòng)詞有：see, watch, need, love, like, study, answer, carry, etc.

　　3第3種句型

　　句型主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語(名詞或形容詞)

　　系動(dòng)詞主要是Be動(dòng)詞(Be動(dòng)詞中文只有3個(gè)意思：是、在、到)和感官動(dòng)詞(feel, look, sound, taste, smell及become, seem, turn, get, grow, appear, keep)。后面必須接表語，才能用來說明主語，表示“……是……”, “……變成……”等意思。表語通常是名詞或形容詞等。

　　They are honest.

　　His face turns red.

　　It grew dark.

　　He become a scientist.

　　That book looks interesting.

　　It’s getting warmer year by year.

　　She is getting more and more beautiful.

　　系動(dòng)詞如果是名詞時(shí)，照中文順序直接翻譯，但是如果是形容詞時(shí)，要注意中文的Be動(dòng)詞（是）會(huì)省略，英文要補(bǔ)上一個(gè)Be動(dòng)詞。

　　例：我們的生意（是）很好=Our business is very good.

　　主語+系動(dòng)詞+名詞

　　1. I am the sales manager.(我是業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)理。)

　　2. This is our new sample.(這是我們的新樣品。)

　　3. We are a manufacturer.(我們是工廠。)

　　4. Shanghai is a big city.(上海是個(gè)大都市。)

　　5. Our phone number is 81769396.(我們的電話號(hào)碼是81769396。)

　　主語+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞（中文動(dòng)詞“是”省去，英文要補(bǔ)上一個(gè)Be動(dòng)詞）

　　1. I am tired.(我很累。)

　　2. I am very busy.(我很忙。)

　　3. The colour is too dark.(顏色太深。)

　　4. Your price is too high.(你們的價(jià)錢太貴。)

　　5. Our quality is excellent.(我們的品質(zhì)很好。)

　　6. The business is turning better.(生意好轉(zhuǎn)。)

　　不可忽視：常用系動(dòng)詞：be, get, turn, feel, seem, appear, look, taste, sound, smell, become, go, prove, etc.

　　4第4種句型

　　句型主語+謂語（及物動(dòng)詞）+間接賓語(人)+直接賓語(物)

　　He gave Tom a present.

　　We can give you two free samples.

　　及物動(dòng)詞做謂語時(shí)，后面要跟賓語，賓語分直接賓語和間接賓語。

　　I left him a message.

　　I told him what to do.

　　He will buy me some books.

　　My friend bought me a gift.

　　We send you a fax yesterday.

　　We will place you a new order.

　　He asked me why to sing this song.

　　He taught me how to read the word.

　　Our cooperation will bring you big profits.

　　注意：間接賓語（人）放在直接賓語（物）后面，要多放一個(gè)介詞。動(dòng)詞give, send, open的介詞都用to, 但是有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞例外：place的用with, bring的用for。

　　(1) I passed it to my mother.

　　(2) We send a fax to you yesterday.

　　(3) We will place a new order with you.

　　(4) We can give 5% commission to you.

　　(5) We will give two free samples to you.

　　(6) Our cooperation will bring a big profit for you.

　　常與介詞for搭配的動(dòng)詞有：

　　buy, make, do, get, play, call, choose, cook, fetch, find, keep, order, save, etc.

　　常與介詞to搭配的動(dòng)詞有：

　　bring, give, hand, pass, lend, offer, pay, promise, sell, send, show, tell, throw, write, etc.

　　5第5種句型

　　句型主語+謂語（及物動(dòng)詞）+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語(名詞或形容詞)

　　動(dòng)詞后面需加賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞，常見的有call, keep / make(使得)，find, let, ask, think, consider, wish, hear, feel, have, get, elect, choose…(按照中文順序直接翻譯)

　　We call him Peter.

　　They made me happy.

　　We elected him president.

　　Please make the colour dark.

　　We think your price too high.

　　I found the movie interesting.

　　Jim asked me to help him with his homework.

　　常用作賓補(bǔ)的形式：

　　(1)名詞

　　The couple named their baby Johnson.

　　(1) 形容詞

　　I keep the door open.

　　(3) 副詞

　　The naughty boy knocked the bottle over.

　　(4) 不定式

　　He ordered his men to fire.

　　(4) 分詞

　　He heard me singing.

　　I saw the vase broken.

　　(6) 介詞短語

　　They look on him as a teacher.

　　(5) 名詞性從句

　　I asked him what he was doing.

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