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經(jīng)典翻譯技巧——英語翻譯十二招
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經(jīng)典翻譯技巧——英語翻譯十二招

招術(shù)(一) 同義反譯法

例子：

1. Only three customers remained in the bar.

酒吧間只有三個顧客還沒有走。(不譯：「還留著」或「還呆在那里」)

2. I'll be here for good this time.

這一次我再也不走了。(不譯：「永遠在此呆下去」)

3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.

我不在家的時候，請別讓爐子滅了。(不譯：「我外出時，請讓爐子繼續(xù)燒著」)

4. "Wait, he is serious."

「等等，他不是說著玩兒的?！?不譯：「等等，他是認真的。」)

5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"

「聽我說，克拉拉，對這孩子可不能心軟?！?不譯：「......對這孩子要堅定」)

招術(shù)(二) 刪減解釋詞

例子：

The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of

refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a

particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.

到南方去的人看見那些黑白混血的女郎，準定會注意到她們十之八九都賦有那種獨特的優(yōu)雅風度、那種柔和的聲調(diào)和文靜的舉止。

招術(shù)(三) 短句拆譯

例子：

" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."

「在六月里的一天早上，天氣晴朗，......」

招術(shù)(四) 譯詞推陳出新

例子：

When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with

doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a

lover.

原譯：當他可以大膽行動的時候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己除了一個情人所具有的那種普通的害怕之外，心里還充滿懷疑、顧慮和躊躇。

改譯：等到他不妨放膽去追求的時候，他卻遲疑不定，顧慮重重。至于一般墮入情網(wǎng)的人那種種常有的提心吊膽的心理，那就更是難免的了。

原詞 / 原譯 / 改譯（順序）

when / 當......的時候 / 等到......的時候

act with boldness /大膽行動/ 放膽去追求

a lover /一個情人/ 一般墮入情網(wǎng)的人

ordinary fears /普通的害怕 /種種常有的提心吊膽的心理

in addition to /除了......之外 /那就更是難免的了

招術(shù)(五) 解釋性添詞

例子：

"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have

done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I

never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet

and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet.

「喬治，我真替你害臊﹗喬治，想不到你會干出這種事情來﹗俗話說得好：『滾著的碌碡不長苔，流浪的漢子不攢財?！晃以鐣缘媚憔褪沁@么一個流浪漢﹗可真沒有想到你連貝格納特和孩子們靠它過活的那一點點財也騙走，」貝格納特太太說道。

招術(shù)(六) 詞無定譯

例子：

It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or

civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later,

he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous

conditions.

我們根本不必追問政府是否根據(jù)刑法或民法對范德比爾特提出起訴。范德比爾特不僅逍遙法外，而且在兩年后又以極其兇狠的手段對政府進行弓一次巨大的詐騙。

招術(shù)(七) 精煉譯詞

例子：

A new dignity crept into his walk.

原譯：走路的姿態(tài)不知甚么時候開始給人一種莊重的印象。

改譯：走起路來，不覺平添了幾分尊嚴。

招術(shù)(八) 刪削"When"字

例子

1. When he saw me, he was startled.

他看見我，嚇了一大跳，(不譯：當他看見我的時候，......)

2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the

head, and knocking on them round?"

「你那些女黑奴哭得那么傷心，你還拿鞭子沒頭沒腦的抽，把她們打得死去活來，那有甚么用呢？」(不譯：當你那些女黑奴哭得那么傷心的時候，你還拿鞭子......)

招術(shù)(九) 感嘆詞的不同譯法

例子：

1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want

them!"

"Why, Eva, your room is full now."

「嗐，媽媽，別這樣﹗我喜歡這些花，把花給我吧，我要﹗」

「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都滿了?！?

2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"

「喲，真是怪事﹗」瑪利說，「你干嘛非要這個不可？」

3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.")

"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to

keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader,

jocularly; ...

"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy

interval of silence.

(「......哈利，你要是有良心的話?！?

「得，干這行當兒的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就這么一丁點兒，夠拿出來起誓就得，」奴隸販子開著玩笑說；......

「那好，哈利，這樁買賣你打算怎么個做法？」謝爾比先生在一陣令人發(fā)窘的沉默之后問道。

招術(shù)(十) 順拆法

例子：

His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue

working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic,

social and demographic factors.

原譯：他的代表團同意執(zhí)行主任關(guān)于該基金會應(yīng)繼續(xù)為更好地了解經(jīng)濟、社會和人口的相互關(guān)系而努力的意見。

改譯：他的代表團同意執(zhí)行主任的意見，/認為該基金會應(yīng)繼續(xù)努力，/ 以求更好地了解經(jīng)濟、社會和人口這三方面的相互關(guān)系。

招術(shù)(十一) 倒拆法

例子：

To him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute /

for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his

supposed conditon.

要是一個英國女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么爛醉，/ 她就會對他又惱怒，又厭惡，/ 而挪拉對他卻又同情又寬容，/ 他在這中間看出了一點神圣的質(zhì)量。

招術(shù)(十二) 抽詞拆句法

例子：

All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the

eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of

growing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests.

從邊境到北京，一路上沿鐵路線極目縱觀，但見農(nóng)村到處是茁壯的莊稼，彷佛鋪上一塊綠地毯，這說明豐收在望了。

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