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主題：外交部部長助理樂玉成在釣魚島問題座談會上的講話（中英對照版） [翻譯詞匯]
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主題：外交部部長助理樂玉成在釣魚島問題座談會上的講話（中英對照版） [翻譯詞匯]

外交部部長助理樂玉成在釣魚島問題座談會上的講話

Remarks by Assistant Foreign Minister Le Yucheng at the Symposium on the Issue of Diaoyu Dao

2012年9月14日，釣魚臺國賓館

Diaoyutai State Guesthouse, 14 September 2012

各位專家學者，社會各界的朋友們，大家好！

Experts and scholars,Friends from across the society,

感謝中國國際問題研究所、北京市青聯(lián)和新華網(wǎng)作為主辦單位邀請我參加這次座談會。這次座談會的背景大家都清楚。4天前，日本政府不顧中方反復嚴正交涉，宣布“購買”釣魚島及其附屬的南小島和北小島，對這些島嶼實施“國有化”。日本政府的這一行徑是對中國領土主權的嚴重侵犯，中國政府和人民對此表示堅決反對和強烈憤慨。今天，利用這個機會我想和大家談談個人對這一事件的一些看法。

Good afternoon. I wish to thank the hosts, China Institute of International Studies, Beijing Youth Federation and Xinhuanet, for inviting me to this symposium. We are all well aware of the background of this meeting. Four days ago, regardless of the repeated serious representations made by the Chinese side, the Japanese government announced the “purchase” of Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated Nanxiao Dao and Beixiao Dao and the “nationalization” of these islands. What the Japanese government did constitutes a gross violation of China’s territorial sovereignty. The Chinese government and people have expressed firm opposition to and strong indignation over this action. I would like to use the opportunity today to share with you a few personal observations on this matter.

　　一段時間以來，日本在釣魚島問題上頻頻制造事端，風波不斷，僅今年就接連發(fā)生日政府對釣魚島部分附屬島嶼命名、部分議員赴釣魚島海域“釣魚”、右翼分子登島“慰靈”等鬧劇，最終日本當局走到前臺，實施所謂“購島”計劃。日方這一連串的動作充分說明，日方的“購島”行動絕不是一起偶然事件，它是日本國內政治氣候的變化所決定的。日本國內有一股“邪氣”正在把日本和中日關系引向極其危險的方向。

Japan has been creating trouble and making waves on the issue of Diaoyu Dao for quite some time. This year alone, the Japanese government has named some of Diaoyu Dao’s affiliated islands； some members of the Japanese Diet went “angling” in the waters of Diaoyu Dao； right-wingers landed on the island and staged the farce of a so-called “ceremony to mourn the victims of war”. Finally, the Japanese government has come out from behind the curtain to execute the so-called plan to “purchase” the islands. This course of actions, which are closely sequenced, fully demonstrates that Japan’s “purchase of the islands” is by no means an isolated event. It is a result of the changing political climate in Japan. There is a sinister tendency inside Japan that is taking Japan and China-Japan relations down an extremely dangerous road.

　　過去20年，日本經(jīng)濟一直低迷，加上受到國際金融危機和去年“3?；11”大地震的巨大沖擊，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展前景很不樂觀。國內黨派斗爭激烈，政府更迭頻繁，充滿不穩(wěn)定和不確定性。以東京都知事石原慎太郎為代表的日本右翼勢力，利用日本國內的這些問題煽風點火，興風作浪，并逐漸形成氣候。日本經(jīng)常有政客跳出來公開否認侵略歷史，否認南京大屠殺、慰安婦等戰(zhàn)爭暴行，說明這股勢力能量越來越大，已經(jīng)影響到日本的政壇風向和政局走向。周邊和國際上不少人都已經(jīng)發(fā)出警示，日本正在走向“極右翼主義”。日本當局不僅不對右翼勢力這股禍水嚴加管束，反而姑息縱容，甚至將其當作“擋箭牌”，用來對周邊鄰國進行挑釁，力圖對外轉移視線和矛盾，已造成日本與鄰國之間關系普遍緊張。與此同時，日本政府還積極謀求修改和平憲法和無核三原則等，企圖擺脫戰(zhàn)后國際秩序的束縛。這些動向十分危險，值得警惕。

Japan’s economy has been in the doldrums over the past two decades. Hit hard by the international financial crisis and last year’s devastating earthquake on March 11, Japan can hardly afford to be optimistic about its economic outlook. Instability and uncertainties abound in the Japanese politics as a result of ferocious political infighting and frequent change of government. The Japanese right-wing forces, represented by Shintaro Ishihara, Governor of Tokyo, have been using these domestic problems to incite tensions and make trouble, and gradually gained momentum. Some Japanese politicians would very often come out to publicly deny the history of Japanese aggression, the Nanjing Massacre, comfort women and other wartime atrocities. This shows the right-wing forces have become so energetic and assertive that they are already affecting the climate and future course of Japanese politics. Japan’s neighbors and the international community have already warned that Japan is moving towards “ultra-rightism”. Rather than keeping a lid on the trouble-making right-wing forces, the Japanese authorities have chosen to appease and give a free rein to them. The Japanese authorities have even used these forces as a shield to make provocations on neighboring countries in order to shift the attention of its domestic public to somewhere else. This has strained Japan’s ties with almost all of its neighbors. At the same time, the Japanese government is quite active in trying to revise its peace constitution and the Three Non-Nuclear Principles in an attempt to get out of the bounds of the post-war order. These are highly dangerous developments that should put us on the alert.

　　日本國內這股“邪氣”也突出表現(xiàn)在中日關系上，總有一些人不愿接受中國發(fā)展壯大的現(xiàn)實，看不慣中國人過上好日子，想方設法給中國找麻煩，在中日關系上滋事。釣魚島問題就成了這些人破壞中日關系的重要“抓手”。

The sinister tendency in Japan is particularly obvious in the Japanese approach to China-Japan relations. There are always some people in Japan who can hardly come to terms with the fact that China is growing stronger, and who can hardly bear to see the Chinese people becoming better off. There are always those in Japan who would go out of their way to make trouble for China and to disrupt China-Japan relations. Hence they have seized on the issue of Diaoyu Dao as an important lever to undermine China-Japan relations.

　　由此可見，這場釣魚島風波完全是日方一手挑起的，目的就是要改寫日本當年非法竊取中國領土的不光彩歷史，否定釣魚島屬于中國的歷史事實，這種企圖是徒勞的、無益的?！拔丛鴵碛袆t不能給付”，這是一句眾所周知的法律格言。就好像一個人從鄰居家搶了一輛自行車，不管是他兒子騎，還是他本人騎，都改變不了自行車不屬于他的事實。無論日方將釣魚島等島嶼怎么轉手和折騰，都絲毫改變不了日本侵占中國領土的歷史事實，絲毫改變不了中國對釣魚島及其附屬島嶼的領土主權。

It is therefore abundantly clear that the tensions surrounding Diaoyu Dao today are stirred up single-handedly by the Japanese side with the purpose of rewriting Japan’s inglorious history of illegally stealing Chinese territory and denying the historical fact that Diaoyu Dao belongs to China. Such attempts, which are null and void, are made to no avail. A legal maxim known to all says “Nemo dat quod non habet” or “No one gives what he doesn’t have.” What Japan is doing is like someone grabbing a bicycle from his neighbor. No matter who rides that bicycle, he or his son, it does not change the fact that the bicycle does not belong to him. Whatever “deals” Japan makes on Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands, whatever Japan does with the islands, it will not, not even in the slightest terms, change the historical fact that Japan invaded and occupied Chinese territory, and it will not change at all China’s territorial sovereignty over Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands.

　　圍繞所謂“購島”，日方拋出了種種謬論，試圖掩人耳目，混淆視聽。今天在座的有不少日本問題和國際問題專家，我們應該把釣魚島的真實身份和來歷進一步說清楚，讓世界了解釣魚島問題的真相。日方的謬論概括起來主要有四條：Japan has dished out numerous fallacies on the so-called “purchase of the islands” in an attempt to cover up the truth and mislead public opinion. We have with us today quite many experts on Japanese and international issues. We should explain in greater depth the real ownership and history of Diaoyu Dao and let the world see the truth on the issue of Diaoyu Dao. Japan’s fallacies can be summed up as the following four points.

　　一曰釣魚島是“無主地”論。這完全是無稽之談。大量文獻史料表明，釣魚島等島嶼是中國人最早發(fā)現(xiàn)、命名和利用的。15世紀以前，我國東南沿海的一些商人、漁民即把釣魚島等當作航海標志，歷來在這些島嶼及其附近海域從事生產(chǎn)活動。早在明朝初期，釣魚島等島嶼就已經(jīng)納入中國海防管轄范圍。這一點日本在近代以前的有關史料也是明確承認的。釣魚島自古以來就屬于中國不是一句空話，不是查無實據(jù)，而是鐵證如山。

First, Japan claims that Diaoyu Dao is “terra nullius”. This is completely groundless. Abundant historical documents show that Diaoyu Dao and other islands were first discovered, named and exploited by the Chinese people. Before the 15th century, some businessmen and fishermen in China’s Southeast coast used Diaoyu Dao as a mark for navigation and the Chinese have engaged in production activities on these islands and in their adjacent waters. Since the early years of the Ming Dynasty, Diaoyu Dao and other islands have been put under the jurisdiction of China’s coastal defense. This fact was recognized by Japan in explicit terms in the Japanese historical records till the late 19th century. The Diaoyu Dao Islands have, therefore, been part of China since ancient times. This is not a baseless or unfounded statement. Rather it has every piece of irrefutable evidence.

　　二曰中日“不存在領土爭議”論。日本利用甲午戰(zhàn)爭非法竊取釣魚島，二戰(zhàn)結束后，釣魚島及其附屬島嶼根據(jù)《開羅宣言》和《波茨坦公告》業(yè)已回歸中國版圖。1951年，日本同美國等國家簽訂片面的“舊金山和約”，將琉球群島（即現(xiàn)在的沖繩）交由美國管理。1953年，美國控制下的琉球民政府擅自擴大管轄范圍，將中國領土釣魚島及其附屬島嶼裹挾其中。1971年，日、美兩國在“歸還沖繩協(xié)定”中又擅自把釣魚島等島嶼列入“歸還區(qū)域”。中國政府對日、美這種私相授受中國領土的做法從一開始就堅決反對，不予承認。歷史不容翻案。日方否認中日之間存在釣魚島爭端，是對世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭勝利成果的公然否定，是對戰(zhàn)后國際秩序的直接挑戰(zhàn)。

Second, Japan claims that there is no territorial dispute between China and Japan. In fact, Japan seized on the first Sino-Japanese war (1894-1895) and illegally occupied Diaoyu Dao. After the Second World War, Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands were returned to China according to the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Proclamation. In 1951, the Treaty of Peace with Japan (commonly known as the Treaty of San Francisco, a treaty partial in nature) was signed between Japan, the United States and some other countries, placing the Ryukyu Islands (known as Okinawa today) under the administration of the United States. In 1953, the Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands under the control of the United States arbitrarily expanded its jurisdiction to include Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands, which are in fact Chinese territories. In 1971, Japan and the United States signed the Okinawa Reversion Agreement, which arbitrarily included Diaoyu Dao and other islands in the territories and territorial waters to be reverted to Japan. The Chinese government has, from the very beginning, firmly opposed and never recognized such backroom deals between Japan and the United States concerning Chinese territories. Facts are facts, and history is not to be reversed. Japan’s claim that there is no dispute between China and Japan over Diaoyu Dao is an outright denial of the outcomes of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and constitutes a direct challenge to the post-war international order.

　　三曰中日在擱置領土爭議問題上“不存在共識”論。這更是徹頭徹尾的背信棄義。1972年中日邦交正?；?978年締結和平友好條約談判過程中，兩國老一輩領導人著眼大局，就“釣魚島問題放一放，留待以后解決”達成重要共識。中日邦交正?；拇箝T由此開啟，中日關系才有了40年的巨大發(fā)展，東亞地區(qū)才有了40年的穩(wěn)定與安寧?，F(xiàn)在日本當局對兩國當年的共識矢口否認，缺乏最起碼的國家誠信，也嚴重動搖了中日政治互信的基礎。

Third, Japan claims that there is no common understanding between China and Japan on shelving territorial disputes. This is an out and out lie. During the negotiations on the normalization of China-Japan relations in 1972 and on the signing of the Sino-Japanese Treaty of Peace and Friendship in 1978, the then leaders of the two countries, bearing in mind the larger interest of China-Japan relations, reached important common understanding on “l(fā)eaving the issue of Diaoyu Dao to be resolved later”. This opened the door to normalization of China-Japan relations and was followed by tremendous progress in China-Japan relations and stability and tranquility in East Asia in the following 40 years. But now the Japanese authorities deny the previous common understanding reached between the two countries. This shows a lack of the very basic integrity of a state and seriously shakes the foundation of political mutual trust between China and Japan.

　　四曰政府出面“購島”是“被逼無奈”論。日方說政府“購島”是為了避免石原“購島”對中日關系可能造成的傷害，是為了保持釣魚島所謂的“平穩(wěn)、穩(wěn)定”，這完全是托詞和借口。我們看到的事實和結果是，石原先是搭臺，上演“購島”鬧劇，日政府“猶抱琵琶半遮面”隨后登場，和石原一唱一和演“雙簧”，目的就是強化日方在釣魚島問題上的所謂“法理地位”。如果聽信日本政府的辯解，我們不禁要問，日本到底誰當家？我們該和誰打交道？日方如此折騰，釣魚島哪里還有什么“平穩(wěn)、穩(wěn)定”？

Fourth, Japan claims that the government is cornered into buying the islands. It says that the government buys the islands in order to avoid damage to China-Japan relations that may be caused by Shintaro Ishihara’s purchase of the islands and to keep the situation in Diaoyu Dao “peaceful and stable”. This is nothing but a pretext. The fact and the outcome turn out to be that Ishihara first set the stage and put on the farce of “islands purchase”, then the Japanese government, with thinly veiled pretexts, echoed and joined him in this farce, one coaxing and the other coercing. Their aim is to strengthen Japan’s “l(fā)egal status” on the issue of Diaoyu Dao. Should there be any truth in the Japanese government’s explanations, we cannot but ask: who has the final say in Japan? Who should we be dealing with? If the Japanese side keeps making trouble this way, how can one expect a “stable” situation in Diaoyu Dao?

　　自今年4月日本掀起“購島”風波以來，黨中央、國務院領導高度重視有關事態(tài)發(fā)展，多次作出重要指示，并深入做日方工作。胡錦濤主席、溫家寶總理等中國領導人在不同場合分別向日方表明我方嚴正立場，要求日方充分認識事態(tài)的嚴重性，慎重妥善處理釣魚島問題。我國外交部和駐日使館向日方反復密集交涉，要求日方立即停止一切單方面行動，回到通過對話協(xié)商管控分歧的正確軌道上來。

Since Japan started to “buy the islands” in April, the leaders of the Party Central Committee and the State Council have attached great importance to the development of the situation. They made quite a number of important instructions and engaged with the Japanese side through in-depth talks. President Hu Jintao, Premier Wen Jiabao and other Chinese leaders made clear to the Japanese side, on various occasions, China’s firm position and urged the Japanese side to fully recognize the gravity of the situation and handle the Diaoyu Dao issue properly and prudently. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Embassy in Japan made repeated and frequent representations to the Japanese side, urging the Japanese side to immediately stop all unilateral actions and return to the right track of managing disagreements through dialogue and consultation.

　　9月10日，日本政府不顧我方反復嚴正交涉宣布“購島”后，中方立即做出了強有力的反應。外交部在第一時間發(fā)表嚴正聲明，楊潔篪部長立即召見日本駐華大使，向日方提出強烈抗議。同時，我駐日大使也在東京向日方提出嚴正交涉。幾天來，全國人大外委會、全國政協(xié)外委會、全國學聯(lián)、全國青聯(lián)等單位也紛紛發(fā)表聲明，國防部發(fā)言人發(fā)表談話，同聲譴責日政府的這一惡劣行徑。

Regardless of repeated strong representations of the Chinese side, the Japanese government announced on 10 September the “islands purchase”, to which the Chinese side made immediate and strong responses. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a solemn statement right after the announcement. Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi immediately summoned the Japanese ambassador to China and lodged a strong protest to the Japanese side. The Chinese ambassador to Japan also made solemn representation to the Japanese side in Tokyo. In the past few days, the Foreign Affairs Committee of the National People’s Congress, the Foreign Affairs Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, the All-China Students Federation, the All-China Youth Federation and other institutions all issued statements and the spokesperson of the Ministry of National Defense made remarks, condemning the despicable act of the Japanese government.

　　與此同時，中國政府采取了宣示和強化中國對釣魚島主權立場的一系列舉措。首先，我們依據(jù)《中華人民共和國領海及毗連區(qū)法》劃定并公布了釣魚島及其附屬島嶼領?；c基線，這符合《聯(lián)合國海洋法公約》有關規(guī)定。今天凌晨，中國常駐聯(lián)合國代表李保東大使向聯(lián)合國秘書長潘基文交存了中國釣魚島及其附屬島嶼領?；c基線的坐標表和海圖。公布領?；c基線是確定國家管轄海域的前提，這樣就可以根據(jù)《公約》規(guī)定的條件確定領海、專屬經(jīng)濟區(qū)和大陸架。這為維護我國對釣魚島的主權和附近海域的主權權利管轄權提供了更加明確的法律依據(jù)。今天，中國海監(jiān)船舶編隊抵達釣魚島海域開展維權巡航執(zhí)法，這是我們捍衛(wèi)領土主權的又一有力舉措。

At the same time, the Chinese government has taken a series of measures to state and strengthen the position of China on its sovereignty over Diaoyu Dao. We have established and announced base points and baselines of the territorial sea of Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands in line with the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone. This is consistent with relevant provisions of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Early this morning, Ambassador Li Baodong, China’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations, deposited the coordinates table and chart of the base points and baselines of the territorial sea of China’s Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands with UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon. Announcing base points and baselines of the territorial sea is the basis of establishing waters under national jurisdiction, on the basis of which the territorial sea, exclusive economic zone and continental shelf can be established according to the provisions of UNCLOS. This has given us a clearer legal basis to safeguard China’s sovereignty over Diaoyu Dao and China’s sovereign rights and jurisdiction in the waters around the islands. Today, convoys of China’s maritime surveillance vessels have arrived in the waters of Diaoyu Dao on a law enforcement patrol mission to uphold China’s rights. This is another strong measure that we take to safeguard our territorial sovereignty.

　　此外，我們還宣布對釣魚島及其附屬島嶼開展常態(tài)化監(jiān)視監(jiān)測，央視開始發(fā)布釣魚島及周邊海域氣象預報及海洋環(huán)境預報。這些舉措都是對我國主權權利的一種宣示和加強。

In addition, we have announced that we will carry out routine surveillance and survey on Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands, and China Central Television (CCTV) has started to broadcast meteorological forecast and maritime environment forecast of Diaoyu Dao and its surrounding waters. All these measures have reaffirmed and strengthened China’s sovereign rights.

　　這幾天出臺的一系列重大反制措施伸張了我國對釣魚島的主權，打擊了日方企圖侵犯中國領土主權的囂張氣焰。下一步，我們將根據(jù)事態(tài)的發(fā)展，針鋒相對地采取有力舉措，維護國家領土主權。

The major countermeasures adopted over the past few days have upheld China’s sovereignty over Diaoyu Dao and dealt a blow to Japan’s blatant attempt to violate China’s territorial sovereignty. Going forward, we will continue to react with robust countermeasures in light of the developments of the situation to safeguard China’s territorial sovereignty.

　　各位朋友和同仁，Dear Friends and Colleagues,

　　我非常贊賞今天的座談會以“團結奮斗、捍衛(wèi)主權”為主題。面對釣魚島局勢的最新變化，我們要堅定信念。要看到祖國在一天比一天走向繁榮與強大，中國國際地位在日新月異地提升，中華民族任人欺凌的時代已經(jīng)一去不復返了。我們要保持團結。近代史上，中國之所以飽受日本侵害，就是因為當時國家四分五裂，一盤散沙。今天的中國已遠非昔日可比，只要我們萬眾一心，眾志成城，就沒有誰能在我們頭上撒野，就沒有任何外來挑釁能夠得逞。我們要努力奮斗，把我們自己的事情辦得更好，把祖國建設得更加強大。這是我們維護國家主權、挫敗任何外來侵犯的堅實基礎。I highly appreciate the theme of today’s symposium: “Uniting and working hard to safeguard sovereignty”. In face of the latest developments of the situation surrounding Diaoyu Dao, we should enhance confidence. We should note that our motherland is growing more prosperous and stronger by the day. China’s international status is rising fast. Gone are the days when the Chinese nation was bullied by others at will. We should maintain unity. China had untold sufferings from the Japanese aggression in modern history, because our country was then as disunited as a heap of loose sand. But there is a world of difference in today’s China. As long as we pull together and act in unison, nobody can ride roughshod over China and any external provocation is doomed to failure. We should work hard. We must run our own affairs well and make our country even stronger. This is the solid foundation for us to safeguard state sovereignty and foil any external aggression.

　　最后，我還要再一次正告日方，造成中日關系今天局面的責任完全在日方，中日關系今后向何處去也將取決于日方。在中日邦交正常化以來的40年里，中方始終以中日關系大局為重，妥善處理雙方矛盾和分歧。但中日關系的發(fā)展不能只靠中國單方面的努力，日方必須立即停止一切損害中國領土主權的行動，盡快回到雙方達成的共識和諒解上來，盡快回到談判解決爭議的軌道上來。中方?jīng)Q不會承認日方對釣魚島的非法侵占和所謂“實際控制”，決不會容忍日方對釣魚島采取的任何單方面行動。中國政府和人民捍衛(wèi)國家領土主權的意志和決心是堅定的，是任何力量也無法動搖的！

Lastly, I would once again seriously remind the Japanese side that the responsibility for the current state of China-Japan relations rests fully with the Japanese side and the ball is in its court as to where our relations are heading in the future. Over the past 40 years since the normalization of China-Japan relations, China has always upheld the larger interest of bilateral ties and appropriately addressed problems and differences between the two countries. But China-Japan relations cannot grow only on Chinese effort alone. Japan must immediately stop all actions that harm China’s territorial sovereignty and return as quickly as possible to the common understanding reached between the two sides and to the track of settling disputes through negotiations. China will in no way recognize Japan’s illegal occupation of and the so-called “actual control” over Diaoyu Dao. Nor will we tolerate any unilateral Japanese action on Diaoyu Dao. The will and resolve of the Chinese government and people to uphold China’s territorial sovereignty are firm and will not be shaken by any force.

　　謝謝大家。

Thank you.

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