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上海翻譯公司:名詞性從句翻譯技巧

發(fā)表時(shí)間:2017/01/31 00:00:00  瀏覽次數(shù):2088  
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       上海翻譯公司是一家有資質(zhì)的翻譯公司,下面為大家整理了名詞性從句翻譯技巧,供大家學(xué)習(xí)。

        一、主語從句  
  1.以what, whatever, whoever, whether, when, where, how, why等詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句,在翻譯的時(shí)候,一般可以按照英語原文順序來翻譯。 
  What he told me was only half-truth. 
  他告訴我的只是些半真半假的東西而已。 
  Whatever is worth doing should be done well. 
  任何值得做的事情都應(yīng)該做好。 
  Whether he comes or not makes no difference. 
  他來不來都沒有關(guān)系。 
  When we can begin the expedition is still a question. 
  我們何時(shí)才能開始這次考察仍然是懸而未決。 
  How he is going to do it is a mystery. 
  他準(zhǔn)備怎么做這個(gè)事情是個(gè)迷。 
  2.用it作形式主語的主語從句,可以把主語從句放到漢語句子最前面去翻譯。為了強(qiáng)調(diào)起見,it一般可以譯出來;如果不需要強(qiáng)調(diào),it也可以不譯出來。 
  It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not. 
  他參加不參加會(huì)議沒有多大關(guān)系。(It沒有翻譯) 
  It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash. 
  駕駛員在飛機(jī)墜毀之后,竟然還能活著,這看來是不可想象的。(It翻譯為“這”) 
  有時(shí)候,如果主語從句仍然按照英語原來的順序翻譯的話,it一般不需要譯出來。在漢語譯文的開始,一般可以用“...的是,...”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)來翻譯。 
  It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings. 
  真奇怪,她竟然沒有看出自己的缺點(diǎn)。(It不用翻譯,還可以用“奇怪的是...”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)來翻譯) 
  二、賓語從句 
  1.用that, what, how, when, which, why, whether, if 等引起的賓語從句,翻譯成漢語的時(shí)候,一般不需要改變它在原句中的順序。 
  I told him that because of the last condition, I’d have to turn it down. 
  我告訴他,由于那最后一個(gè)條件,我只得謝絕。 
  Can you hear what I say? 
  你聽得到我所講的嗎? 
  I don’t know that he swam across the river. 
  我不知道他游過了那條河。 
  I don’t know how he swam across the river. 
  我不知道他是怎么游過那條河的。 
  He has informed me when they are to discuss my proposal. 
  他已經(jīng)通知我他們將在什么時(shí)候談?wù)撐业慕ㄗh。 
  有時(shí)可加“說”字,再接下去翻譯譯英語原文賓語從句的內(nèi)容。 
  Smith replied that he was sorry. 
  斯密斯回答說,他感到遺憾。 
  He would remind people again that it was decided not only by himself but bylots of others. 
  他再三提醒大家說,決定這件事的不只是他一個(gè)人,還有其他許多人。 
  2、用it作形式賓語的句子,在翻譯的時(shí)候,that所引導(dǎo)的賓語從句一般可按英語原文順序翻譯;it有時(shí)候可以不用翻譯。 
  I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o’clock in the morning. 
  我向他們講清楚了的,他們必須在上午十時(shí)前交卷。(it沒有翻譯) 
  I heard it said that he had gone abroad. 
  聽說他已經(jīng)出國了。(it沒有翻譯) 
  但有時(shí)候,也可以在譯文中將that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句提前到句子最前面翻譯。 
  I regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting. 
  我被選參加會(huì)議,感到光榮。(it沒有翻譯) 
  We consider it absolutely necessary that we should open our door to the outside world. 
  打開國門,實(shí)行開放,我們認(rèn)為這是絕對(duì)必要的。(it翻譯為“這”) 
  三、表語從句 
  It seems that it is going to snow. 
  看起來要下雪了。 
  That is why Jack got scolded. 
  這就是杰克受到訓(xùn)斥的原因。 
  The question remains whether we can win the majority of the people. 
  問題是我們能否贏得大多數(shù)人民群眾的支持。 
  His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him. 
他對(duì)新聞界的看法是,記者們不是支持他,就是反對(duì)他。 
  四、同位語從句 
  能接同位語從句的名詞主要有:belief(相信),fact(事實(shí)),hope(希望),idea(想法,觀點(diǎn)),doubt(懷疑),news(新聞,消息),rumor(傳聞),conclusion(結(jié)論),evidence(證據(jù)),suggestion(建議),problem(問題),order(命令),answer(回答),decision(決定),discovery(發(fā)現(xiàn)),explanation(解釋),information(消息),knowledge(知識(shí)),law(法律),opinion(意見,觀點(diǎn)),truth(真理,事實(shí)),promise(承諾),report(報(bào)告),thought(思想),statement(聲明),rule(規(guī)定),possibility(可能)等。 
  1.一般來說,同位語從句可以直接翻譯在主句后面。 
  He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again. 
  他表示希望再到中國來訪問。 
  There is a possibility that he is a spy. 
  有可能他是一個(gè)間諜。 
  2.有時(shí)候在翻譯同位語從句時(shí),可以將其放在所修飾的名詞前面,相當(dāng)于前置的修飾語,但不一定使用定語的標(biāo)志詞“的”。這種情況下,同位語從句都是比較簡(jiǎn)單。 
  We know the fact that bodies possess weight. 
  我們都知道物體具有重量這一事實(shí)。 
  The rumor that he was arrested was unfounded. 
  關(guān)于他被捕的傳聞是沒有根據(jù)的。 
  3.增加“即”(或者“以為”)這樣的詞來連接,或用冒號(hào)、破折號(hào)直接分開主句和同位語從句。   
  But this does not in any way alter the fact that they are now, from a practical point of view, irrational. 
  但這卻絲毫改變不了這樣一個(gè)事實(shí),即從實(shí)用的觀點(diǎn)來看,他們今天仍是不合理的。 
  We have reached the conclusion that practice is the criterion for testing truth. 
  我們已經(jīng)得出這樣的結(jié)論:實(shí)踐是檢驗(yàn)真理的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 
  Not long ago, the scientists made an exciting discovery that this waste material could be turned into plastics. 
  不久前,科學(xué)家們獲得一個(gè)令人振奮的發(fā)現(xiàn)――可以把這種廢物變成塑料。

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