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中英對(duì)照：學(xué)習(xí)與農(nóng)業(yè)相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)
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eging 發(fā)表于 2019/6/14 14:36:52

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中英對(duì)照：學(xué)習(xí)與農(nóng)業(yè)相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)

Today we have a vocabulary quiz. We start with two questions about terms for plants.
今天我們要進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)詞匯測(cè)試。首先，我們要提出兩個(gè)關(guān)于植物術(shù)語(yǔ)的問(wèn)題。
OK, first question: What is the name for a plant that lives only one year or one growing season? This kind of plant is called an annual. Think of an "annual report," a report published just once a year.
第一個(gè)問(wèn)題：只能存活一年或一個(gè)生長(zhǎng)季節(jié)的植物，怎么稱呼？這種植物被稱為“annual”。與之用意相同的表達(dá)是“annual report”，也就是每年發(fā)布一次的報(bào)告。
You can probably guess the next question. What do we call a plant that produces new growth year after year? Plants that keep growing back are called perennials. So a perennial is the opposite of an annual. Perennials come back year after year.
你可能會(huì)猜到下一個(gè)問(wèn)題：年復(fù)一年循環(huán)生長(zhǎng)的植物，我們稱為什么？這種多年生植物被稱為“perennials”。因此perennial剛好和annual相反，這類(lèi)植物會(huì)年復(fù)一年地生長(zhǎng)。
Now some questions about terms for livestock.
下面是一些關(guān)于牲畜術(shù)語(yǔ)的問(wèn)題。
What is another name for a male cow? A bull, right? Well, not always. A male cow is usually called a bull only if it still has its reproductive organs. If not, we call it a -- what? The answer: a steer.
“male cow”的另外一個(gè)名稱是什么？是“Bull”，對(duì)吧。但是這可不一定哦！“male cow”通常指那些有生殖器官的公牛，如果被閹過(guò)了我們稱其為什么呢？就稱為“steer”。
Next question: What is another name for a young cow? A very young cow is called a calf. But a young female cow, especially one that has not had a calf yet, has a special name. Do you know what it is? The answer: a heifer. Maybe you knew that. But here is question just for our radio listeners -- can you spell it? Heifer is spelled H-E-I-F-E-R.
下一個(gè)問(wèn)題：“young cow”又稱作什么？非常幼小的牛被稱為“calf”。但是一頭年輕的母牛，尤其是還沒(méi)生育過(guò)的年輕母牛有一個(gè)專用名。你知道是什么嗎？它就是“heifer”?？赡苣懵?tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這個(gè)名稱，但是我們專門(mén)為聽(tīng)眾準(zhǔn)備了一個(gè)問(wèn)題：你能拼寫(xiě)出“Heifer”這個(gè)詞嗎？拼寫(xiě)是H-E-I-F-E-R。
Cows, like all mammals, lactate. Our next question is: do you know what that means? To lactate means to produce milk. Cows lactate for up to ten months.
與其它所有的哺乳動(dòng)物一樣，奶牛會(huì)“l(fā)actate”。而我們的下一個(gè)問(wèn)題就是：你知道“l(fā)actate”的意思嗎？它意思就是分泌乳汁。奶牛分泌乳汁的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)達(dá)10個(gè)月。
In milk, fat rises to the top. But some people do not like to drink milk that way. So there is a process that reduces the size of the fat particles and mixes them all through the milk. This process has a name -- a long name. What is it? It's called homogenization.
牛奶中的脂肪會(huì)浮到最上面。但有些人不喜歡喝這種牛奶。所以需要一個(gè)可以減小脂肪顆粒大小，并將其與牛奶充分混合的過(guò)程。這個(gè)過(guò)程有個(gè)很長(zhǎng)的名字。是什么呢？這個(gè)過(guò)程就被稱為“homogenization”。
Still with us? OK, another question. Milk can be made into cheese. Some people like cheese made with milk from a sheep. What do you call a female sheep? The answer: a ewe, spelled E-W-E.
您還在收聽(tīng)我們節(jié)目嗎？好的，讓我們進(jìn)入下一個(gè)問(wèn)題。牛奶可以制成奶酪，有些人喜歡用羊奶制成奶酪。請(qǐng)問(wèn)：母羊怎么稱呼呢？答案就是“ewe”。
Male sheep have their own name. A male sheep is a -- what? A ram.
公羊也有自己的專有名稱，叫做什么呢？叫做“ram”。
Rams and ewes produce lambs. A lamb is a sheep less than a year old. But what do you call the meat from a sheep over a year old? Then we call it mutton.
公羊和母羊可以繁殖出“l(fā)amb”?！發(fā)amb”是指一歲以下的小羊羔。從一歲以上的羊身上所割下的肉叫做什么？我們叫做“mutton”。
Age also plays a part in terms for horses. For example, a mare is generally a female three years or older. But what do you call a female horse under three? The answer: a filly. And for extra credit: do you know the name for a male horse under four? A colt.
年齡的區(qū)別在馬類(lèi)術(shù)語(yǔ)中也起著作用。例如，“mare”一般是指大于等于三歲的母馬。那三歲以下的母馬怎么稱呼呢？答案就是“filly”。額外的練習(xí)題：你知道四歲以下的公馬叫什么名稱嗎? 答案就是“colt”。

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