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2015年5月CATTI一口真題詳解漢譯英1
	發(fā)起人：eging　　回復(fù)數(shù)：1　　瀏覽數(shù)：6449　　最后更新：2022/9/28 6:41:06 by nihaota

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2015/10/1 13:01:22

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eging

角　　色：管理員
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注冊時間：2015/6/5

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2015年5月CATTI一口真題詳解漢譯英1

家庭農(nóng)業(yè)這個主題，既立足現(xiàn)實，又著眼長遠(yuǎn)。依靠家庭農(nóng)業(yè)解決吃飯問題，符合中國實際。中國先哲說過：“民以食為天，食以糧為本”，這是中國人一直奉行的理念。大家都知道，中國人口多、人均耕地少，讓十幾億人民吃飽飯，是我們最大的事情，也曾經(jīng)是最大的難題。中國的農(nóng)村改革，成功解決了人民的溫飽問題。其中一條最基本的經(jīng)驗，就是發(fā)展家庭農(nóng)業(yè)。

I think this theme of family farming is based on realities and focuses on the future as well, and it charts a bright future of global agricultural development. Ensuring adequate food supply for the people through family farming also suits China's realities. China's philosophers said, food is the first necessity of the people, and grains is the basis of food, and this is also what the Chinese have always believed in. As is known to all, China has a huge population but low per-capita arable land availability. To feed the over one billion Chinese people is our top priority and was once the biggest challenge we had to face. China’s reform at the rural area successfully resolved the subsistence issue of the people. And a piece of most fundamental experience we got was to develop family farming.

推行家庭承包經(jīng)營制度，把農(nóng)戶確立為農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營的主體，賦予農(nóng)民長期而有保障的土地使用權(quán)和經(jīng)營自主權(quán)，幾億農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)積極性迅速調(diào)動起來，短短幾年農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)就邁上一個大臺階。幾億人擺脫了貧困，并提前達(dá)到聯(lián)合國千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)。中國家庭農(nóng)業(yè)不斷煥發(fā)出新的活力，也與科技、政策、創(chuàng)新密不可分。我們建立了一整套農(nóng)業(yè)科技推廣體系，大面積推廣優(yōu)良品種、農(nóng)業(yè)機械，推廣環(huán)境控制農(nóng)業(yè)。僅雜交水稻一項，每年就帶來數(shù)千萬噸的增產(chǎn)。我們大力鼓勵農(nóng)民合作社、鼓勵發(fā)展專業(yè)農(nóng)戶、支持企業(yè)公司以及政府服務(wù)組織等，為農(nóng)民提供農(nóng)業(yè)機械作業(yè)、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工流通等服務(wù)。

Through this reform, rural households became the mainstay of farming and farmers were given long-term and guaranteed land use right and operational independence, thus rapidly unleashing the enthusiasm of hundreds of millions of farmers for production and giving scope to the capabilities of individual farmers. As a result, agricultural production made huge headway in just a few years. Building on that, hundreds of millions of people have been lifted out of poverty and the UN Millennium Development Goals have been reached ahead of schedule. We also owe the constant new vigor in China's family farming over the past 30-plus years to innovation in science, technology and relevant policies. We have established a whole system for disseminating agricultural science and technology and extensively promoted quality varieties, agricultural machinery as well as controlled-environment agriculture. Hybrid rice alone has increased annual output by tens of millions of tons in China. We greatly encourage farmers' cooperatives, specialized farming households, businesses and government service organizations to provide farmers with services in terms of agricultural machinery and the processing and distribution of agricultural produce.

第三段：每年都有數(shù)十萬臺農(nóng)業(yè)機械像候鳥一樣，在中國大地上往返遷徙。當(dāng)小麥成熟的時候，大批聯(lián)合收割機一路由南往北，追趕著季節(jié)，為農(nóng)民提供小麥?zhǔn)崭罘?wù)，既解決了農(nóng)民家庭機械作業(yè)的難題，也提高了農(nóng)業(yè)機械的使用效率。中國政府還不斷增加農(nóng)業(yè)投入，改進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、突破農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)瓶頸，增強抵御自然災(zāi)害和病蟲害的能力。中國家庭農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展，目前面臨規(guī)模過小的制約，平均每戶只有半公頃的耕作面積。要更大規(guī)模提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量，必須適度擴大經(jīng)營規(guī)模，提高勞動生產(chǎn)率、土地產(chǎn)出率，走農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化之路。

Every year, hundreds of thousands of agricultural machines are taken to different parts of China to serve agricultural seasons, like birds that migrate back and forth with the seasons. When wheat ripens, an army of combined harvesters would advance from the south to the north of China, helping farmers with wheat harvesting. This not only provides much-needed agricultural machinery to rural households, but also helps raise efficiency in the use of farming machines. The Chinese government is still increasing input in agriculture to support agricultural infrastructure and improve production conditions. In so doing, the agriculture can break its technological bottleneck and become more resilient against natural disaster and pests.The further development of China's family farming is still constrained by its small scale, as each household only has an arable land of about half a hectare. To improve the yields and quality of agricultural products, we must appropriately expand operational scale, enhance labor productivity and land output and follow the path of agricultural modernization.

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