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2015年5月CATTI一口真題詳解英譯漢1
	發(fā)起人：eging　　回復(fù)數(shù)：1　　瀏覽數(shù)：6388　　最后更新：2022/9/28 6:40:45 by nihaota

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2015/10/1 13:03:24

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eging

角　　色：管理員
發(fā) 帖數(shù)：3730
注冊(cè)時(shí)間：2015/6/5

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2015年5月CATTI一口真題詳解英譯漢1

這段講話(huà)的特征主要是用詞很樸實(shí)，有典型的英式英語(yǔ)特征（香港實(shí)行英式英語(yǔ)教學(xué)，陳是加拿大的文學(xué)博士，文字能力很強(qiáng)），該篇講演的文學(xué)性很高，很多看似小巧簡(jiǎn)單的比喻和連接，在理解和選詞方面都要費(fèi)一番思量。此外，朗讀速度較快，單節(jié)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)，給記錄帶來(lái)了很大困難，而且過(guò)長(zhǎng)的段落會(huì)打擊考試者的自信心，造成焦慮，因此在訓(xùn)練中一定要加大強(qiáng)度，讓自己適應(yīng)這種速度和題量，才能有希望通過(guò)。

WHO has successfully managed many big outbreaks in recent years. But this Ebola outbreak is very different. None of us experienced in containing outbreaks has ever seen in our lifetimes an emergency on the scale with this degree of suffering and with this magnitude of cascading consequences. This is the largest, most severe and most complex Ebola outbreak ever seen and the nearly 4 decades history of this disease. It is a fast-moving epidemic disease that got ahead of everyone at the start and is still running ahead jumping over everything we put in place to try to slowly it down. In the hardest hit countries, an exponentially rising caseload threatens to push the governments to the brink of state failure. What we see is this: decimated families and communities, abandoned villages, food and fuel shortages, uncollected bodies, fresh graves, a rising number of orphans, and hospitals overflowing or shut down entirely. In affected regions revenues are down, markets not functioning and development project are being canceled. This is not just an outbreak. This is not just a public health crisis. This is a social crisis, a humanitarian crisis, an economic crisis, and a threat to national security well beyond the outbreak zones.

譯文：世衛(wèi)組織近年來(lái)成功地處置了很多大規(guī)模疫情。但埃博拉疫情非常不同。在我們一生當(dāng)中，沒(méi)有任何一個(gè)人經(jīng)歷過(guò)這種規(guī)模緊急情況，它所造成的破壞和不斷加重的后果也是前所未有的。目前埃博拉的爆發(fā)是這一疾病近四十年來(lái)規(guī)模最大，最嚴(yán)重也是最復(fù)雜的。埃博拉是一種病程很快的傳染病，從一開(kāi)始就走在了每個(gè)人的前面，現(xiàn)在依然超出我們的預(yù)期，突破了我們一切用以減慢其傳播速度的設(shè)置。在埃博拉影響最大的國(guó)家，病例大量出現(xiàn)，使政府到達(dá)崩潰的邊緣。我們看到了如下情況：家庭和社區(qū)人口大量死亡，村莊廢棄，食物和燃油短缺，尸體無(wú)人掩埋，新墳堆累，孤兒不斷增多，醫(yī)院人滿(mǎn)為患，或者完全關(guān)閉。受災(zāi)地區(qū)收入下降，市場(chǎng)停滯，眾多發(fā)展計(jì)劃被取消。這不僅僅是一次疫情，也不是一次公共衛(wèi)生的危機(jī)，這是一次社會(huì)危機(jī)，人道主義和經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，對(duì)國(guó)家安全造成的威脅遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了疫情爆發(fā)地區(qū)的邊界。

decimated families and communities, abandoned villages, food and fuel shortages, uncollected bodies, fresh graves, a rising number of orphans, and hospitals overflowing or shut down entirely.這幾句話(huà)當(dāng)中的選詞需要注意，不要過(guò)份追求典雅與平衡，而要以達(dá)意為主。

Everyday, every minute counts now. We need to talk, but furthermore but we need to act with speed and efficiency and in ways that deal this virus some heavy blows. Standard measures, like early detection and isolation of cases, contact tracing and monitoring, and rigorous procedures for infection control, have stopped previous Ebola outbreaks and can do so again. Affected countries should be equipped with IT system and programs that allow real-time reporting of cases. The outbreak should be mapped so that the transmission zones are identified and priorities can be assigned. What does thisoutbreakthathas been making headlines for months, tell usthe state andstatus of public health of the world at large? First, the outbreak spotlights the dangers of the world's growing social and economic inequalities. Then rumors and panic is spreading even faster than the virus. Ebola sparks nearly universal fear which vastly amplifies social disruption and economic losses well beyond the outbreak zones. The World Bank has estimated that the vast majority of economic losses during any outbreak arise from the uncoordinated and the irrational effort of the public to avoid infection.

參考譯文：每一天，每一分鐘都很重要，我們需要討論，但更需要提高行動(dòng)的速度和效率，有針對(duì)性地處理病毒造成的沉重打擊。一些常規(guī)手段，例如早期發(fā)現(xiàn)與隔離，對(duì)接觸者的追蹤與監(jiān)控，嚴(yán)格的傳染控制措施，阻止了以往埃博拉病毒的疫情，對(duì)這一次也同樣有效。受災(zāi)國(guó)家應(yīng)該配備網(wǎng)絡(luò)程序，以便能夠及時(shí)通報(bào)病例。應(yīng)該繪制疫情地區(qū)，以便了解傳播地區(qū)，安排首要任務(wù)。幾個(gè)月來(lái)，埃博拉疫情一直是各大報(bào)紙的頭條，我們從中能夠了解世界范圍內(nèi)公共衛(wèi)生怎樣的現(xiàn)狀呢？首先，疫情揭示出國(guó)際范圍內(nèi)日益增長(zhǎng)的社會(huì)與經(jīng)濟(jì)不平等造成的危險(xiǎn)。其次，謠言和恐慌比病毒傳播得更快。埃博拉造成全世界的恐慌，嚴(yán)重加劇了疫區(qū)以外社會(huì)的崩潰和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。世界銀行測(cè)算，絕大多數(shù)疫情造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失源于公眾為了防止傳染所進(jìn)行的種種步調(diào)不一致的非理性行為。

Third, when a deadly and dreaded virus hits the destitute and spirals out of control, the whole world is put at risk. Our 21st century societies are interconnected, interdependent and electronically wired together as never before. We see this now with a very dangerous virus outbreak in Nigeria’s oil and natural gas hub. Nigeria is the world’s fourth largest oil producer and second largest supplier of natural gas. The outbreak in the country’s potential energy hub can potentially dampen the economic outlooks worldwide. Fourth, decades of neglect of fundamental health systems and services mean that a shock, like climate change or a disease run wild, can bring a country to its knees. You cannot build these systems up during a crisis. Instead, they collapse. A dysfunctional health system also means zero population resilience. Fifth: Ebola emerged nearly 40 years ago. Why are clinicians still empty-handed, with no vaccines and no cure? This is because Ebola has been, historically, geographically confined to poor African nations. The R&D incentive is virtually non-existent. A profit-driven industry does not invest in products for markets that cannot pay.

第三，當(dāng)一種致命而令人恐懼的病毒襲擊貧困人口并失去控制，整個(gè)世界也處于危險(xiǎn)之中。二十一世紀(jì)的各國(guó)社會(huì)普遍聯(lián)系，相互依存，由電子網(wǎng)絡(luò)聯(lián)在一起，這種情況前所未有。目前，我們看到隨著一種危險(xiǎn)病毒在尼日利亞的石油和天然氣中心爆發(fā)，這種情況已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)。尼日利亞是世界第四大產(chǎn)油國(guó)，第二大天然氣輸出國(guó)。這個(gè)國(guó)家能源中心的可能出現(xiàn)的疫情可能會(huì)影響到世界的經(jīng)濟(jì)前景。第四，數(shù)十年來(lái)忽視了對(duì)基礎(chǔ)衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)和服務(wù)建設(shè)，就意味著一旦出現(xiàn)氣候變化或者某種疾病失去控制，就會(huì)讓一個(gè)國(guó)家完全癱瘓。這類(lèi)系統(tǒng)無(wú)法在危機(jī)出現(xiàn)時(shí)加強(qiáng)，相反，會(huì)完全崩潰。衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)不良也就意味著人口無(wú)法恢復(fù)活力。第五，埃博拉出現(xiàn)已有近四十年了，為什么醫(yī)生們依舊兩手空空，既沒(méi)有疫苗又沒(méi)有治療方法？這是因?yàn)樵跉v史上埃博拉一直限于貧困的非洲國(guó)家。對(duì)于其治療的研發(fā)的動(dòng)力幾乎不存在。沒(méi)有利潤(rùn)的驅(qū)動(dòng)，醫(yī)學(xué)工業(yè)不會(huì)投資研發(fā)當(dāng)?shù)厥袌?chǎng)買(mǎi)不起的產(chǎn)品。

Finally, the world is ill-prepared to respond to any severe, sustained, and threatening public health emergency. Here, I see two specific lessons for WHO. One: We must continue to push for the inclusion of health, and health systems, on the post-2015 development agenda. We now have some much more compelling evidence for doing so, and a much more responsive audience. People are now willing to hear arguments that have fallen on deaf ears for years. Two: The pressures of this outbreak are revealing some cracks and weaknesses at WHO, some dysfunctional elements that must be corrected urgently as part of organizational reform.

最后，世界并沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)備好應(yīng)對(duì)嚴(yán)重而持久地威脅公共安全的緊急情況。在這里，世衛(wèi)組織要吸取兩點(diǎn)教訓(xùn)。第一，我們應(yīng)該繼續(xù)推動(dòng)將健康以及衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)納入2015后發(fā)展計(jì)劃。我們現(xiàn)在有了更為緊迫的理由這樣做，而且我們的公共也對(duì)此反應(yīng)更為積極。目前公眾愿意聽(tīng)我們談?wù)撨@項(xiàng)內(nèi)容，而多年以來(lái)，這些內(nèi)容他們完全聽(tīng)不進(jìn)去。第二，疫情造成的壓力暴露出世衛(wèi)組織的一些漏洞和缺陷，有些運(yùn)作不良的情況必須加以改正，作為衛(wèi)生組織改革的一部分。

2022/9/28 6:40:46

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nihaota

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