每日一詞∣陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳監(jiān)測(cè)衛(wèi)星 terrestrial ecosystem carbon monitoring satellite

近日，中國(guó)遙感衛(wèi)星地面站成功接收陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳監(jiān)測(cè)衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)。中國(guó)科學(xué)院空天信息創(chuàng)新研究院稱(chēng)，地面站三次接收任務(wù)總時(shí)長(zhǎng)為25分鐘，數(shù)據(jù)量約306GB。該陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳監(jiān)測(cè)衛(wèi)星于8月4日在太原衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心由長(zhǎng)征四號(hào)乙運(yùn)載火箭成功發(fā)射。

China has received data from its newly launched terrestrial ecosystem carbon monitoring satellite. Ground stations have tracked and received the data from the satellite in three tasks, which lasted 25 minutes with a total size of 306 GB, said the Aerospace Information Research Institute under the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The satellite was carried into space on Thursday by a Long March-4B rocket from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center in north China's Shanxi Province.

8月4日，我國(guó)成功發(fā)射陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳監(jiān)測(cè)衛(wèi)星“句芒號(hào)”。（圖片來(lái)源：新華社）

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳監(jiān)測(cè)衛(wèi)星主要用于陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳監(jiān)測(cè)、陸地生態(tài)和資源調(diào)查監(jiān)測(cè)、國(guó)家重大生態(tài)工程監(jiān)測(cè)評(píng)價(jià)，并為環(huán)保、測(cè)繪、氣象、農(nóng)業(yè)、減災(zāi)等領(lǐng)域提供業(yè)務(wù)支撐和研究服務(wù)。8月4日，我國(guó)首顆陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳監(jiān)測(cè)衛(wèi)星“句芒號(hào)”發(fā)射成功?！熬涿⑻?hào)”衛(wèi)星是國(guó)家民用空間基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施中長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展規(guī)劃中的科研衛(wèi)星，運(yùn)行于高度為506公里、傾角97.4度的太陽(yáng)同步軌道。通過(guò)激光、多角度、多光譜、超光譜、偏振等綜合遙感手段，能實(shí)現(xiàn)植被生物量、大氣氣溶膠、植被葉綠素?zé)晒獾纫氐奶綔y(cè)和測(cè)量。

“句芒號(hào)”這個(gè)名字來(lái)自我國(guó)民間神話。句芒，是古代民間神話中的木神、春神，主管樹(shù)木發(fā)芽生長(zhǎng)，象征對(duì)自然環(huán)境的敬畏與責(zé)任?！熬涿⑻?hào)”的用途非常廣泛，將應(yīng)用于陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳監(jiān)測(cè)、陸地生態(tài)和資源調(diào)查監(jiān)測(cè)、大氣環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)和氣候變化中氣溶膠作用研究等工作。此外，“句芒號(hào)”還將服務(wù)高程控制點(diǎn)獲取、災(zāi)害監(jiān)測(cè)評(píng)估、農(nóng)情遙感監(jiān)測(cè)等需求，顯著提高我國(guó)陸地遙感定量化水平?！熬涿⑻?hào)”衛(wèi)星在軌運(yùn)行后，采用主被動(dòng)結(jié)合的遙感體制，可獲取全球森林碳匯的多要素遙感信息，提高碳匯計(jì)量的效率和精度，轉(zhuǎn)變傳統(tǒng)的人工碳匯計(jì)量手段，為我國(guó)碳達(dá)峰、碳中和目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)提供重要支撐，助力我國(guó)對(duì)森林、草原、濕地和沙化土地等的統(tǒng)計(jì)監(jiān)測(cè)核算能力建設(shè)。

【重要講話】

我們要堅(jiān)定不移貫徹新發(fā)展理念，堅(jiān)定不移走生態(tài)優(yōu)先、綠色發(fā)展之路，統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)山水林田湖草沙一體化保護(hù)和系統(tǒng)治理，科學(xué)開(kāi)展國(guó)土綠化，提升林草資源總量和質(zhì)量，鞏固和增強(qiáng)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳匯能力，為推動(dòng)全球環(huán)境和氣候治理、建設(shè)人與自然和諧共生的現(xiàn)代化作出更大貢獻(xiàn)。

We must apply the new development philosophy and follow a path of prioritizing ecological conservation and pursuing green development. We will protect and manage our ecosystems involving mountains, rivers, forests, farmland, lakes, grasslands and deserts with a holistic approach, carry out greening programs systematically, and increase both quantity and quality of forest and grassland resources. All these will help consolidate and enhance the carbon absorption capacity of ecosystems, and make greater contributions to global environmental and climate governance as well as achieving China's modernization featuring harmony between humanity and nature.

——3月30日，習(xí)近平參加首都義務(wù)植樹(shù)活動(dòng)時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)

【相關(guān)詞匯】

長(zhǎng)征四號(hào)乙運(yùn)載火箭

Long March-4B rocket

衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心

satellite launch center

森林碳匯

forest carbon sinks