科技文翻譯中非人稱主語句翻譯

      出于科技文章本質(zhì)的決定，科技文章中很少用人稱主語，而多用非人稱主語。這些非人稱主語后續(xù)謂語動(dòng)詞不是一般非人稱主語所用的動(dòng)詞，而是為了人稱主語所使用的的表示感覺、意識、情感或動(dòng)作之類的謂語動(dòng)詞。于是就出現(xiàn)了“非人稱主語+人稱主語使用的謂語動(dòng)詞”一現(xiàn)象，常稱之為“非人稱主語句”。這樣的擬人色彩是本來顯得單調(diào)乏味的科技文章有了些許亮色，增添了不少生機(jī)?？蠢洌?nbsp;
　　1 The food industry has also introduced new technologies for food storage,processing,preservation,and distribution that have reduced post-harvest losses. 
　　2 They have also introduced new technologies for food storage,processing,preservation,and distribution,which have reduced post-harvest losses. 
　　漢譯： 
　　食品工業(yè)也引進(jìn)了新技術(shù)，用于食品的貯藏、加工、保鮮盒分配，減少了收獲后的損失。 
　　此外，非人稱主語句式可以用更簡潔的形式表達(dá)科技英文的各種邏輯關(guān)系，而將“邏輯標(biāo)志”統(tǒng)統(tǒng)省略，即變英語的形合句為意合句?？蠢洌?nbsp;
　　非人稱主語句省略了條件句： 
　　1 Seismic measurement of travel time and amplitude define the subfurface geometry and give estimates of the acoustic impedances related to rock velocities and densities. 
　　2 If we measure the travel time and amplitude,we can define the subfurface geometry and give estimates of the acoustic impedances related to rock velocities and densities. 
　　漢譯：如果我們測得地震波的走時(shí)和振幅，我們就能夠確定地下的幾何形狀并估算與巖石速率和密度有關(guān)的聲阻抗。 
　　非人稱主語句省略了時(shí)間狀語從句： 
　　1 Analysis of a damaged material usually requires intuitive judgement followed by real-life testing. 
　　2 When we are doing an analysis of a damaged material,usually it requires intuitive judgement followed by real-life testing. 
　　漢譯：當(dāng)我們在分析破損材料時(shí)，通常需要先做直觀判斷，再做實(shí)際實(shí)驗(yàn)。 
　　非人稱主語句省略了因果關(guān)系句： 
　　1 The effectiveness of the electronic computer lies in its great speed and accuracy in calculation. 
　　2 The effectiveness of the electronic computer is achieved because it has great speed and accuracy in calculation. 
　　漢譯：電子計(jì)算機(jī)之所以效率高，是由于其速度快，而且計(jì)算準(zhǔn)確。 
　　非人稱主語句省略了讓步從句： 
　　1 Even the dissolution in water cannot enable common salt to change its chemical properties. 
　　2 Even though we dissolve the salt in water,we cannot enable common salt to change its chemical properties. 
　　漢譯：即使我們將普通鹽溶于水，也不能改變其化學(xué)性質(zhì)。 
　　綜上所述，非人稱主語句現(xiàn)象作用是蠻大的。不光出現(xiàn)在科技書名文中，其他問題中也有很常見。希望對大家的英漢互譯學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。