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基本財(cái)務(wù)知識和術(shù)語翻譯-金融行業(yè)翻譯公司

發(fā)表時間:2015/05/30 00:00:00  來源:m.xiaoshizhe.com.cn  作者:m.xiaoshizhe.com.cn  瀏覽次數(shù):2530  
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基本財(cái)務(wù)知識和術(shù)語翻譯: 
會計(jì)可分為兩類:One is financial accounting, the other is management accounting. 一種是財(cái)務(wù)會計(jì),另一種是管理會計(jì)。 
The Generally Accepted Accounting Principles are rules adopted by the accounting profession, including some principles, such as the Principles of Cost, Objectivity, Realization, and Consistency. 
《公認(rèn)的會計(jì)原則》便是會計(jì)行業(yè)所遵循的規(guī)則包括一些原則,譬如成本原則、客觀原則、實(shí)現(xiàn)原則、一貫原則等。 
What is E.B.I.T.D.A? Earnings Before Interest/Taxes/ Depreciation/ Amortization 
1
)公司流動性 Firm liquidity 
Current ratio=current assets/current liabilities 
流動比例=流動資產(chǎn)/流動負(fù)債 
Acid-test ratio=(current assets-inventories)/current liabilities 
速動比例=(流動資產(chǎn)-庫存/流動負(fù)債 
Average collection period=accounts receivable/daily credit sales 
應(yīng)收賬款平均回收期=應(yīng)收賬款/每日賒銷額 
Accounts receivable turnover=credit sales/accounts receivable 
應(yīng)收賬款周轉(zhuǎn)率=賒銷額/應(yīng)收賬款 
Inventory turnover=cost goods sold/inventory 
存貨周轉(zhuǎn)率=銷售貨物成本/存貨 
2
)經(jīng)營獲利能力 Operating profitability 
Operating income return on investment=operating income/total assets 
資產(chǎn)經(jīng)營收益率=營業(yè)收入/總資產(chǎn) 
Operating profit margin=operating income/sales 
經(jīng)營利潤率=營業(yè)收入/銷售收入 
Total assets turnover=sales/total assets 
總資產(chǎn)周轉(zhuǎn)率=銷售收入/總資產(chǎn) 
Accounts receivable turnover=credit sales/accounts receivable 
應(yīng)收賬款周轉(zhuǎn)率=賒銷額/應(yīng)收賬款 
Inventory turnover=cost goods sold/inventory 
存貨周轉(zhuǎn)率=銷售貨物成本/存貨 
Fixed assets turnover=sales/net fixed assets 
固定資產(chǎn)周轉(zhuǎn)率=銷售收入/固定資產(chǎn)凈值 
3) 
財(cái)務(wù)決策 Finance decisions 
Debt ratio=total debt/total assets 
負(fù)債比例=總負(fù)債/總資產(chǎn) 
Times interest earned=operating income/interest 
收入利息倍數(shù)=經(jīng)營收入/利息 
4
)權(quán)益資本收益率 Return on equity 
Return on equity=net income/common equity 
權(quán)益資本收益率=凈收入/普通股


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